Books 13-20 of Odyssey (Return)

Main thing

The Odyssey's Books 13-20 focus on Odysseus's return to Ithaca.

After many years, Odysseus finally returns to his homeland, Ithaca. The Phaeacians transport him while he is asleep and leave him on the shore with gifts. Athena, the goddess, disguises him as a beggar to protect him and advises him on how to reclaim his throne. Odysseus meets Eumaeus, his loyal swineherd, and his son Telemachus returns from his own journey. Together, they plan to confront the suitors who have overrun Odysseus's palace.

Homecoming is a central theme in these books, symbolizing the end of Odysseus's long journey and the challenges that await at home.

Example: Imagine returning home after a long absence to find strangers living in your house, eating your food, and trying to marry your spouse. This is what Odysseus faces.

Terms

• Phaeacians - The people who transport Odysseus back to Ithaca. Example: A kind stranger who helps you get home.

• Athena - Goddess who assists Odysseus. Example: A mentor who gives you wise advice.

• Eumaeus - Odysseus's loyal swineherd. Example: A faithful friend who supports you in tough times.

• Telemachus - Odysseus's son, who is also on a quest. Example: A family member who joins you in a challenging endeavor.

An analogy

Returning to Ithaca and dealing with the suitors is like taking back control of a company after a long absence, with loyal employees helping to oust the interlopers.

Example: A CEO returns to their company after a sabbatical to find it overrun by unproductive employees and must strategize to regain control.

A main misconception

Many believe Odysseus's return is a simple hero's welcome, but it's actually a complex and dangerous undertaking.

Example: It's like assuming a soldier returning from war will have an easy transition back to civilian life, when in reality, it's a challenging process that requires adjustment and support.

The history

1. Odysseus's Departure - Leaves for the Trojan War.

2. The Trojan War - Fights for ten years (circa 1194-1184 BCE).

3. The Wanderings - Spends ten years trying to return home.

4. The Return - Arrives in Ithaca and begins to reclaim his throne.

"There is nothing more admirable than when two people who see eye to eye keep house as man and wife, confounding their enemies and delighting their friends." - Homer, highlighting the unity of Odysseus and Penelope.

Three cases how to use it right now

1. Strategic Planning in Business - A business leader, like Odysseus, may return to their company after a long sabbatical to find it in disarray. They must assess the situation discreetly, identify allies within the organization, and develop a plan to reassert their leadership without alarming competitors or causing internal chaos.

2. Recognizing Loyalty in Personal Relationships - Just as Odysseus finds a loyal friend in Eumaeus, a person might reconnect with old friends after moving back to their hometown. They would need to discern who among their friends remained true during their absence and can be trusted to support them in reintegrating into the community.

3. Resilience in Overcoming Personal Struggles - Inspired by Odysseus's perseverance, someone recovering from a long-term illness might use his story as motivation. They would need to slowly rebuild their strength, adapt to the changes in their life, and strategically plan their return to work or daily activities, all while managing the challenges that arise during recovery.

Interesting facts

• The theme of disguise is prominent, as Odysseus conceals his identity to gather information and plan his revenge.

• The test of the great bow, which only Odysseus can string, is a pivotal moment in these books.

• The tension between hospitality and abuse of it is explored through the suitors' behavior in Odysseus's home.

• The loyalty of Odysseus's dog, Argos, who recognizes him despite his disguise, is a touching moment in the narrative.

• The dreams and omens in these books serve as narrative devices to foreshadow events and reveal the gods' will.